Visible thinking routines provide a powerful tool for fostering student-centered mathematics instruction. By making student mathematical thinking public and encouraging engagement with one another's ideas, these routines promote a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts and reasoning skills. When students engage in sense-making, conjecturing, and justifying, they develop a deeper understanding of mathematics and are better able to apply these skills to real-world problems. By emphasizing student mathematical thinking, visible thinking routines help to create a classroom culture in which students take ownership of their learning and are more actively engaged in the learning process. Routines enable students to spend less time thinking about the *process* of learning so they can spend more time thinking about the *content* of learning. This approach to teaching mathematics helps to build more confident and competent math learners who are equipped to tackle complex problems and think critically about the world around them.